On the other hand, almond leaves could reduce nitrosative stress in earthworms. These phenomena indicated that low and high ambient temperatures induced nitrosative and oxidative stress in earthworms, respectively.

In addition, the H 2O 2 of earthworms cultured in both ambient temperatures and cultured in BS + MA was higher than the other groups ( P < 0.05). The level of H 2O 2 of the earthworms cultured in BS + ME at CoT was higher than at CyT ( P < 0.05). H 2O 2 of earthworms at CoT was higher than those at CyT ( P < 0.05). At CoT, the NO of earthworms cultured in BS + TC was lower than that of those cultured in BS + MA and BS + ME ( P < 0.05). NO of earthworms at CoT was higher than at CyT( P < 0.05). At CyT, the MDA of earthworms cultured in BS + MA was higher than that of those cultured in BS, BS + TC and BS + ME ( P < 0.05). MDA of earthworms cultured at CyT was higher than ambient temperature at CoT ( P < 0.05). FRAP of earthworms cultured in BS + TC was higher than in other groups ( P < 0.05).

It was found that the body weight gain (BWG) of the earthworms cultured in BS at cyclical temperature (26 + 1 oC - 34 + 1 oC - 26 + 1 oC, CyT) was higher than the constant temperature (26 ± 1 ☌, CoT) ( P < 0.05). At week 2 of the experiment, body weight, FRAP, MDA, H 2O 2 and NO were measured in the earthworms. dairy cow faeces (BS), dairy cow faeces + mulberry leaves (BS + MA), almond leaves (BS + TC), and cassava leaves (BS + ME), respectively. The earthworms were cultured in 2 different conditions of ambient temperature, and in 4 types of substrate i.e. The objective of this experiment was to understand the influence of ambient temperature and polyphenols from mulberry ( Morus alba L.), almond ( Terminalia catappa L.) and cassava ( Manihot esculenta (L.) Crantz) leaves on growth, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H 2O 2) and nitric oxide (NO) concentration of the African night crawler, Eudrilus eugeniae (Kinberg, 1867) earthworm. Finding ways to help them deal with this problem is, therefore, important and necessary. Earthworms are one of the organisms that may be affected by climate change.

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